Evidence has emerged that the invasive red imported fire ants have made their way to Europe, specifically in Sicily, Italy. The venomous species, originally from South America, is known for its painful bites and has been a cause for concern in various parts of the world.
Spreading to New Territories
Red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) have become a global problem, with their presence extending to countries like Australia, China, and the United States. The primary reason for their widespread invasion is the importation of soil and plants from their native region.
A Threat to People and Nature
Considered one of the worst invasive species, red fire ants pose a significant threat to both humans and the environment. Their bites can cause extreme pain and, in some cases, allergic reactions. Additionally, they prey on other species, such as birds and reptiles, and displace native ant populations.
Establishment in Sicily
Reports of painful ant stings in the coastal city of Syracuse, Sicily, have prompted investigations into the presence of red imported fire ants. Researchers, led by Mattia Menchetti at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology in Barcelona, collected samples and identified 88 nests over 4.7 hectares in the area. DNA analysis suggested that the Sicily population may have originated from China or the US.
Potential European Invasion
Through predictive models, Menchetti’s team concluded that the red imported fire ants could potentially infest up to 7% of Europe, considering current environmental conditions. However, with the impact of climate change, the ants’ range could expand further. Warm, well-connected regions like coastal Mediterranean cities are likely to be most affected. Surprisingly, urban areas like Paris and London could also provide suitable conditions for their proliferation due to abundant heat sources from buildings.
Fighting the Invasion
To combat the invasion, Menchetti’s team is collaborating with authorities to monitor the situation in Sicily and determine the extent of the red imported fire ant population. These findings will be crucial in devising effective eradication plans.
