A Hidden Legacy
A recent study conducted in the Amazon rainforest suggests that there may be more than 10,000 undiscovered pre-Columbian archaeological sites in the region. These findings challenge the notion of the Amazon as an untouched wilderness and provide evidence that Indigenous societies have had a significant impact on the landscape for over 12,000 years.
Exploring with Technology
A team led by Luiz Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz de Aragão at the National Institute for Space Research in Brazil used lidar technology to survey a portion of the Amazon rainforest. Lidar uses laser light to create detailed 3D representations of the landscape, allowing for the detection of subtle changes in topography.
Surprising Discoveries
During their survey, the team uncovered 24 previously unknown earthworks, believed to be remnants of ancient civilizations that existed between 1500 and 500 years ago. These earthworks include a fortified village in the southern Amazon, a region known for its dense population and interconnected network of earthworks. Defensive and ceremonial sites were also found in the southwestern and northern parts of the Amazon, respectively.
The Tip of the Iceberg
The surveyed area only covered a small fraction of the Amazon, highlighting the vast potential for undiscovered archaeological sites. Using a computer model, the researchers estimated that there could be between 10,272 and 23,648 additional earthworks waiting to be found. The model analyzed various factors such as temperature, rainfall, soil composition, and proximity to rivers to predict potential sites.
A Different Perspective
These discoveries challenge the perception of the Amazon rainforest as a pristine, untouched environment. Evidence suggests that Indigenous societies played a significant role in shaping the landscape and biodiversity, even before the arrival of European settlers. The presence of domesticated plants near archaeological sites supports this notion, indicating that these lost societies had a profound impact on the composition of the rainforest.
Preserving Indigenous Heritage
Recognizing the existence of ancient societies in the Amazon is crucial for the protection of Indigenous peoples’ heritage. With a significant portion of the rainforest already cleared and concerns about its ability to sustain itself, acknowledging the cultural influence on the region could help prioritize conservation efforts. Protecting the Amazon is not only preserving the environment but also safeguarding the ancestors of the Indigenous communities who call it home.
Topics:
- Archaeology
- The Amazon Rainforest
